![]() ![]() There is some truth to this interpretation, insofar as the book insistently foregrounds the player's experience. It is always possible to ask: How will the game come out? The intensity of our investment in many games essentially depends on our consciousness that their outcome is not fixed in advance.Ī superficial reading of Homo Ludens might suggest that Huizinga views play as a purely "subjective" phenomenon. To experience this sort of tension is to become invested in an outcome that has not yet been settled. The consciousness of risk, for instance, presupposes that the player cannot confidently anticipate the result of an action this unpredictability largely determines the intensity of many games, particularly those involving chance and competition. According to Huizinga, the cultural study of play consists in a careful description of the players' experiences. Words like "tension", "release", "challenge", "effort", "uncertainty", "risk", "balance", "oscillation", "contrast", "variation" and "rhythm" typically describe the activity of playing as a temporal modulation of rising, falling and evolving intensities. To speak of experience implies a vocabulary of qualitative description. We do not characteristically play to fulfil a practical task we play for the sake of the lived quality that attaches itself to the act of playing. Huizinga sometimes writes that play is "free", by which he means that the fundamental motive of play is the experience that it affords. Playing is thus closely akin to aesthetics, in that experience is irreducible: it constitutes an essential aspect of the phenomenon. To describe play is to describe its "meaningfulness" for the players. Two dogs pretending to fight obviously understand that their actions are only make-believe, and this reciprocal awareness is an essential aspect of their pleasure. Even the most primitive forms of play imply some form of intuitive understanding. Most games presuppose a player consciously aware of the game's objectives, equipment, and rules. The philosophical starting point of Huizinga's study is the observation that, where there is play, there is also "meaning". A careful study of Homo Ludens clarifies the fundamental aims and purposes of serious game design, and also highlights the close connection between Huizinga's ideas and key developments in contemporary experimental art. If this line of argument is pursued to its logical conclusion, Huizinga can be enlisted as an ally rather than an opponent of the serious games movement. Huizinga, in fact, claims that most serious pursuits exhibit playful aspects. My aim is not only to make sense of the core concerns of Homo Ludens, but also to show that none of its central postulates actually undermines the legitimacy of serious game design. This essay proposes an interpretation of Huizinga's core argument. Are these efforts incompatible with Huizinga's claims about the fundamental difference between play and seriousness? Does the serious game designer misunderstand the essential nature of play? ![]() In particular, serious gaming is often considered a medium of education and sometimes also social change. Many designers in the "serious games" movement have called for games that make a difference to people's lives (Frasca, 2006). There is an important context for this debate. What does the expression "not serious" mean here? The exact meaning and implications of this thesis continue to raise difficult problems of interpretation (Bogost, 2006). Huizinga famously argues that play is essentially not a serious activity, but his writing is notoriously elusive on this point. Its core ideas also influenced modern avant-garde artists like Guy Debord and other members of the group known as the Situationist International (Andreotti, 2002). Although its core topic is playing rather than gaming, Homo Ludens remains a standard reference in game design books (Crawford, 2003 Zimmerman and Salen, 2004 Fullerton, Swain, and Hoffman, 2004). Similar assumptions underpin the work of subsequent scholars, notably the French sociologist Roger Caillois (1962), who followed Huizinga in emphasizing the central role of play in human culture. Huizinga's book describes play as a free and meaningful activity, carried out for its own sake, spatially and temporally segregated from the requirements of practical life, and bound by a self-contained system of rules that holds absolutely. The modern study of play can be traced back to the publication of Dutch historian Johan Huizinga's groundbreaking study Homo Ludens (1938). The Playful and the Serious: An approximation to Huizinga's Homo Ludens by Hector Rodriguez
0 Comments
Built four stories tall in 1897, after a 1942 fire. This week’s description of Waterville’s Main Street Historic District begins where last week’s left off, with the Common Street buildings on the south side of Castonguay Square, and continues down the east side of Main Street. Next west is the 1890 Romanesque Revival style Masonic Block, a four-story brick and granite building. ![]() It adds a summary of the separate Lockwood Mill Historic District, across the intersection of Spring and Bridge streets at the north end of Water Street (see also the May 7, 2020, issue of The Town Line.)Ĭontinuing with Matthew Corbett and Scott Hanson’s 2012 application for the Waterville downtown historic district, on the south side of Common Street, the building at the east end (closest to Water Street) is the brick Haines Building at 6-12 Common Street. Built four stories tall in 1897, after a 1942 fire destroyed the top three stories only one was rebuilt. Next west is the 1890 “Romanesque Revival style Masonic Block,” a four-story brick and granite building. Entertainment & Recreation Waterville Valley, NH linktr.ee/watervilleval Joined December 2008 2,055 Following 10. ![]() ![]() A four season resort in the heart of the White Mountains, just 2 hours from Boston. Adjoining it is the three-story Gallert Block, which the application says was built in 1912 to replace wooden stores that had burned in 1911. Waterville Valley Resort waterville Official Twitter of Waterville Valley Resort. Corbett and Hanson describe it as blonde brick with granite and brick trim and an example of Commercial Style architecture. The trial version can be used for 16 days and allows you to add 1,000 songs.But you will have to remember that you have to enable the use of the gadget as a drive (by means of iTunes). The freeware version supports 69 programs, while the 30. Thus, at least the music that you have on your iPod will be recoverable.īeing compatible with all the models of iPod and iPhone, and with a faultless functioning, the truth is that Senuti is an application that is really recommendable. Coolmuster iOS Assistant is the best iPod transfer software to transfer music, photos, contacts, and other files from your iPod to a computer in one click. The freeware will scan your Mac for any software and allow you to save any associated product keys as a TXT, HTML, XML, CSV, or PDF file. The best alternative is iMazing, which is free. ![]() There are more than 10 alternatives to Senuti for a variety of platforms, including Windows, Mac, Linux, Online / Web-based and Android. ![]() Works like iTunes, but it's everything in reverse' and is an app. One of the uses that this software can have is, as well as easily sharing music, to recover all the music in the case that the computer has stopped working. Senuti is described as 'Easy to use, Stylish, Award-Winning App. Senuti is capable of including these songs on your Mac's iTunes or simply, copying them to the folder that you specify. Transfer songs from your iPod to your MacĪlso compatible with iPhones, the interface of Senuti is very clear, it will show the library of your iPod and you will only have to select or search for the songs that you want to transfer. from your iOS mobile device to your Mac or Windows. Select the appropriate country and language and click on the Next button. Windows 10 setup and installation window will launch. Select the USB drive using the arrow keys and press Enter key to boot. Following the windows 8 reccomendations listed on the usb break out board. Power on the system and press the designated F-key to enter the Boot device options. Additional Information: Windows 10 was not allowing the planet cnc software to install the proper drivers. ![]() Simply install the planet-cnc software and plug in the USB interface and the software will communicate with the board. Other great apps like Senuti are CopyTrans Manager, iExplorer, Apple Configurator 2 and aTunes. Crack PC download link - Generate your ke. The best alternative is iMazing, which is free. The latest version only works on Mac OS X 10.4 or higher and is a 30 day trial. Senuti is a simple utility that makes transferring songs from an iPod to your computer quick and. The stubbornness of Apple when it comes to closing their gadgets and the pressure by the music lobby to make it very difficult to share music managed to make it impossible to share the music from an iPod, something that can be bypassed with this application. FonePaw iOS Transfer is a software that lets you easily move photos, videos, music, SMS, contacts, etc. There are more than 10 alternatives to Senuti for a variety of platforms, including Windows, Mac, Linux, Online / Web-based and Android. Senuti is an application that will allow you to bypass the impossibility to share the music from an iPod. ![]() Subscriptions start at $1.99/month for 100 GB in the US, and can vary by region. For additional storage, you can upgrade to Google Workspace or Google One as an in-app purchase. Google accounts get 15 GB of storage, shared across Google Drive, Gmail and Google Photos. Learn more about Google apps update policy: Creating a shared drive to store all of your team's content.Sharing files and folders directly with groups or teams within your organisation.Easily managing users and file sharing to help meet data compliance needs.Google Workspace subscribers have access to additional Drive functionality, including: Receive notifications about important activity on your files.View your content on the go while offline.Share and set permissions for files and folders.Quickly access recent and important files.Safely store and access your files anywhere.Easily invite others to view, edit or leave comments on any of your files or folders. If you need anything more flexible and comprehensive, bump up to software that offers the full range of tools for backing up files, applications, and preferences, and providing good support for restoring as well.Google Drive, part of Google Workspace, is a safe place to back up and access all your files from any device. Adding backup completes the picture for them while only potentially adding recurring storage costs if they bump up a tier or more.įor those who install few apps or entirely from the Mac App Store and are primarily concerned about backing up documents and media in a few easy to identify locations, like the home folder’s Documents and Photos folders, Google Backup and Sync might be enough. ![]() The software is consistent and not confusing, and it’s an enhancement for people already tied into Google ecosystem. It’s better to have a single, flexible piece of software running on your Mac instead of the previous two different sync apps for Google Drive and Google Photos, while also adding this backup feature. Is Backup and Sync neither fish nor fowl in trying to be too many things? Not quite. ![]() The software is smart enough to warn you when you delete something in a backup set whether you want to delete it from cloud storage, including in both Google Drive and Google Photos when media is involved. You can opt with Backup and Sync to sync Google Drive to your computer, but you don’t have to you can use it entirely for backup and access Google Drive via the web. When you visit via a web browser or a smartphone app, you’ll see My Drive for files synced via Google Drive and Computers for a list of folders and their contents that have been backed up. However, you can opt for Original Quality, which simply copies the file and counts the file’s size against your quota.īecause Backup and Sync effectively incorporates Google Photos sync, there’s a preference that lets you add all uploaded media to Google Photos as well. ![]() For video, it says that it might increase compression slightly on 1080p and coarser video, and it downsamples video above 1080p to that resolution. If you choose High Quality, your image and movie storage isn’t counted at all, but Google may compress files below 16 megapixels (16MP), and it downsamples larger images to 16MP. The system recognizes photos and videos and lets you set a preference you may be familiar with if you were already using Google Photos’ uploader. The sync menu shows progress, including previews. ![]() Ministry of Local Government and Regional DevelopmentĪct relating to package travel and travel guarantees etc. Norwegian Ministry of Trade, Industry and FisheriesĪct relating to municipalities and county authorities (The Local Government Act) Norsk-engelsk oversettelse Profesjonelle oversettelser fra norsk til engelsk innen de fleste fagområder og bransjer. (Interpreting Act)Īct relating to financial support for the media (The Media Support Act)Īct relating to the editorial independence and liability of editor-controlled journalistic media (The Media Liability Act)Īct relating to good commercial practices in the grocery supply chain In the event of any inconsistency, the Norwegian version shall prevail.Īct relating to the importation and exportation of goods (Movement of Goods Act)Īct relating to customs duties (Customs Duty Act)Īct relating to enterprises' transparency and work on fundamental human rights and decent working conditions (Transparency Act)Īct relating to public bodies' responsibility for the use of interpreters, etc. The translations are not official they are provided for information purposes only. If you cannot find the act you are looking for, please contact the responsible authority. Other public authorities, and private entities.Īll translated acts delivered to Lovdata in a reasonably up to date version are made available. The translations are provided by ministries, The Lovdata Foundation has not translated the texts. Auto Detect, Tigrinya, English, German, Dutch, Norwegian, Swedish. ![]() Verdensnyheter for engelskspråklige på 3 nivåer. HeapSol Technologies Inc Translator app for Russian and English language. HeapSol Technologies Inc Oversetter app for russisk og engelsk språk. Avatar- Translation from English Swedish and Danish into Norwegian. Free translation and reader for Tigrinya. Avatar- Oversetter til norsk fra engelsk dansk og svensk. This is a collection of Norwegian legislation in English. Custom Google Translate for Tigrinya with audio. Norsk og engelsk tekst, er det den norske versjonen som gjelder. Oversettelsene er ikke offisielle versjoner av regelverket de er kun for bruk i informasjonsøyemed. Om du ikke finner loven du er ute etter her, ta kontakt med ansvarlig myndighet. rhundret erobret av anglere og saksere fra dagens Nord-Tyskland, som brakte med seg germanske sprk. ![]() Oversettelsene er levert av departementer, andre offentligeĪlle oversatte lover som leveres Lovdata i en tilstrekkelig oppdatert versjon blir gjort tilgjengelig. Engelsk tilhrer den vestgermanske sprkgruppen, og er det strste germanske sprket i dag, foran tysk, nederlandsk og nordiske sprk. Lover på engelsk er en samling norske lover oversatt til engelsk. ![]() You can probably guess what this extension does - allows you to expand Catan to play with even more friends!ĥ-6 Player mode was one of the first extensions added to Colonist and it's incredibly popular. Tied for 3rd with Traders and Barbarians is the 5-6 player extension. Overall, my perception of this expansion is that it offers an array of fun variations to base Catan, and its rising popularity over time tells me that while it may be complicated to learn, it is worth the wait! 3. However, in the poll I conducted Traders beat out Explorers, albeit merely 2 votes. In both Reddit polls that included Traders & Barbarians as well as Explorers & Pirates, Explorers & Pirates received at least double the votes. Traders and Barbains was the most surprising result of the poll. This expansion pack was released in 2008 and contains five special scenarios which build on Catan. Traders and BarbariansĬoming in tied for 3rd place is Traders and Barbarians. Seafarers is a slightly more advanced version of Catan for players trying to spice up weekly game night, and I encourage everyone to give it a try! You can play Seafarers with a membership on Colonist. Additionally, Seafarers introduces gold tiles which produce a resource of players choice. Some tiles are covered in "fog" which hides their resource type and number until a player places a ship/road adjascent to the tile. In Seafarers, players can build ships to explore an expanded map with islands separate from the starting board. However, a common complaint is its simplicity relative to Cities & Knights, which is why most players prefer the latter. Seafarers is the easiest Catan expansion to learn, which may explain its popularity. It is possible that Seafarers has gotten less popular over the last few years, or that my poll was a biased sample of more hardcore players. Interestingly though, while it received around 80% of the vote C&K did for the Reddit polls, it got only 16% of the total vote in mine, or just over 25% of C&K. SeafarersĪ clear second, Seafarers was consistently right behind Cities & Knights in polling. Cities & Knights is available to play on Colonist! 2. The Barbarian attack also creates a looming threat that impacts strategy decisions.Īll in all, Cities & Knights is an extremely complex and fun expansion to Catan, and the numbers show that it is far and away the most popular. Cities are given much more power in C&K compared to the base game, which creates an emphasis on building "up" rather than expanding around the board. It earned first place in all three Reddit polls, and garnered 58% of the vote in the poll I conducted.Ĭities & Knights drastically changes the dynamics of Catan, with the introduction of city upgrades, progress cards, and commodities. In first place, Cities & Knights is by far the most popular expansion to Catan. In this article, I seek to identify the most popular/most played expansions today. While some players may have their personal favorites, the popularity of each expansion can vary among the player base. The world of Catan is filled with various expansion packs that add new elements and challenges to the base game.
IMPORTANT: wallets created with Dogecoin Core releases older than version 1.10, instead, contain a list of randomly generated private keys. You might still want to create a new backup if you want to save labels you have created for your wallet. This means that, even if you generate a new address for use in your wallet, you do not need to create a new backup, as the address is derived deterministically from the seed key stored in the wallet. ![]() Recent releases of Dogecoin Core include support for key derivation. Store it somewhere safe, in a device not connected to the internet. Restoring this file will give you access to your Dogecoin. This will generate a wallet.dat file, which stores a list of all the key pairs you have used. Without it, even if an attacker gains access to your wallet file, they will still be unable to spend your Dogecoin, unless they succeed in brute forcing or guessing the encryption password. On the other hand, this password adds an extra layer of security to your backup. Without it, you would be unable to access the funds in your encrypted wallet. It is crucial that you store this password somewhere safe and that you never lose it. To do so, go to Settings -> Encrypt wallet. (Optional, but recommended) First, encrypt your wallet. In order to create a backup with Dogecoin Core, follow these steps: ![]() Wallet Backups with Dogecoin Coreĭogecoin Core, Dogecoin’s “reference implementation” and the software commonly used to run a Dogecoin node, is often used as a wallet application. Each of these might involve a different process to generate a backup. ![]() Most Dogecoin holders use some kind of wallet application, like Dogecoin Core, and devices like hardware wallets to manage their wallets. Your public address - the address which other Dogecoin wallets can use to send Dogecoin to your wallet - is a hashed version of the public key associated with the private key. A wallet is just a collection of private keys and public keys.Įach one of the wallet’s private keys is a randomised 256-bit number unique to your wallet, and it is what you need to be able to access and spend your coins. |